Magnetic Method for Oil-Gas-Mineral Exploration 

Magnetic data, whether their acquisition is airborne, UAV or land, it is a little more complicated to use since the earth’s magnetic field is dipolar. This means that a magnetized body’s signature (anomaly) character has two components that need to be considered to obtain viable results. The signature consists of a minimum and a maximum component; and the shape changes based on its geographic location on the earth. The initial measured fields must therefore be corrected for geographic location. Once the magnetic field is understood, the interpretation of geologic structures becomes simpler and their signatures (anomalies) relate to the size, shape, depth, and rock composition can be identified. 

 Interpretation methods are designed as supplement tools for the exploration professional. Magnetic methods used singularly or integrated with other geophysical and geological data can identify and distinguish various basement and sedimentary structures; such as rifts, faults, horsts, basins bounding faults. Viable magnetic methods are interpretation techniques that for example can distinguish dykes from volcanic sills, granitic plutons and igneous intrusives from Kimberlite pipes. The interpretation of basement structure based on high-resolution magnetic data can lead to determining hydrocarbon migration pathways. The interpretation of magnetic based basement faults can position potential zones for mineral deposits. 

Basement structure and basement structural history are two key parameters in any basin evaluation or regional geological analysis. In the many onshore/offshore regions, the scarcity of basement-related hard data made the use of projections, comparisons, theories, and hypotheses necessary for such evaluation and analysis. The use of magnetic data and state-of-art magnetic methods constitute a major interpretation step forward in the knowledge of a region’s geological setting for hydrocarbon and mineral exploration.

 Age, lithology, and stratigraphic position of rocks forming a magnetic basement are generally little to unknown in a region studied. It is here that regional geologic comparative analysis can provide some useful interpretations. Model-derived maps can be interpreted with confidence utilizing the magnetic based basement structure integrated with gravity residual data, seismic velocities, geology and other geophysical data. Such interpretation maps can be pre-Jurassic Sediment Isopachs, Total Crust Isopach (thickness of continental/upper crust), and Lower Crust Isopach (thickness of oceanic/lower crust).


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